Syria

Syria

Syria, officially the Syrian Arab Republic, is a country in Western Asia, located on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. It is bordered by Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, Israel and Lebanon to the southwest. Syria has a strategic location connecting the Middle East with the Mediterranean.

Syria covers an area of approximately 185,180 square kilometres and has a population of around 21 million people as of 2024–2025. The country has a rich historical and cultural heritage but has faced significant challenges due to conflicts in recent years.

Key Country Information

  • Capital City: Damascus
  • Head of State (President): Bashar al-Assad
  • Head of Government (Prime Minister): Hussein Arnous
  • Official Language: Arabic
  • Currency: Syrian Pound (SYP)
  • International Dialing Code: +963

Population and Economy

Syria has a population of approximately 21 million. The economy has traditionally been based on agriculture, oil production, industry, and services. Due to ongoing conflicts, economic activity has been disrupted, and reconstruction and foreign investment are key to future growth.

Major sectors include agriculture (wheat, cotton, olives), oil and gas, textiles, and light manufacturing. The cost of living is moderate compared to many neighboring countries, and Damascus and Aleppo remain economic and cultural hubs.

International Memberships

  • United Nations (UN): Member since 1945
  • Arab League: Member since 1945
  • Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC): Member since 1969
  • Non-Aligned Movement (NAM): Member since 1961

Living and Working in Syria

Syria offers opportunities primarily in reconstruction, humanitarian work, and private sector services. Foreign nationals need a valid residence permit and work visa to legally work in Syria. Employment is concentrated in sectors such as construction, NGOs, education, healthcare, and oil and gas.

Cities like Damascus, Aleppo, and Homs have relatively better infrastructure, though living standards vary widely. Foreign workers are strongly advised to follow local regulations and security guidance due to ongoing regional instability.

Summary

Syria is a historically and culturally rich country in Western Asia, facing significant reconstruction and development challenges. It is a member of the UN, Arab League, OIC, and NAM. Legal pathways exist for foreign workers, especially in sectors supporting reconstruction, humanitarian aid, and essential services.