Afghanistan

Afghanistan

Afghanistan, officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located in South-Central Asia. It is bordered by Pakistan to the south and east, Iran to the west, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan to the north, and China to the northeast.

Afghanistan covers an area of approximately 652,230 square kilometres and has a population of around 41 million people. The country is known for its mountainous terrain, historic Silk Road connections, and diverse ethnic groups.

Key Country Information

  • Capital City: Kabul
  • Head of State (President/Leader): Hibatullah Akhundzada
  • Official Languages: Pashto, Dari
  • Currency: Afghan Afghani (AFN)
  • International Dialing Code: +93

Population and Economy

As of 2024–2025, Afghanistan’s population is estimated at approximately 41 million. The economy is largely based on agriculture, livestock, and small-scale trade. Mining and natural resources are underdeveloped but hold significant potential.

Major sectors include agriculture, construction, services, and informal trade. The country faces challenges such as political instability, limited infrastructure, and security issues that affect economic growth.

International Memberships

  • United Nations: Member since 1946
  • Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC): Member since 1969
  • South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC): Member since 1985

Living and Working in Afghanistan

Living conditions in Afghanistan vary widely depending on the region. Security, healthcare, and infrastructure can be limited, especially outside major cities.

Foreign nationals generally require a residence permit and work authorization to work legally in Afghanistan. Employment is mostly available in NGOs, international organizations, humanitarian aid, and some private sectors.

Summary

Afghanistan is a historically rich and strategically located country in South-Central Asia. While facing significant political and economic challenges, it remains an important country in regional geopolitics and international cooperation.